Here, we give only a brief and synoptic review. This is for two reasons: 1) to
show how many of the current theories of physics tie nicely into the new theory, and 2) so
that maximum space in the paper can be given to the rational, and important, experimental
validations of the new theory. There will only be space in this paper for a few
important validations, and some application opportunities will also be shared.
The general model now being used to describe the gravitational field is that the waves
are transverse to the direction of propagation of the gravitational energy. As
predicted by Einstein, the energy travels at the velocity of light. No experiments
have been able to directly measure gravitational waves, but from the interaction of
gravitational waves between a binary pulsar pair, Professor Joseph Taylor (Princeton U.)
was able to confirm Einstein's prediction that gravitational energy travels at the
velocity of light.
From the effective mass of a photon, m = hv/c2
(h is Planck's constant, v is the
frequency of the electromagnetic energy of the photon, and c is the
velocity of light), Einstein predicted a very slight interaction of photons with
gravitational fields, and this was first measured as light photons were observed being
bent as they passed by the gravitational field of the sun. Many additional
experiments followed supporting this interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
gravitational fields.
As we know, electromagnetic energy is heart and core to both our society's existence as
well as to most of the technological progress we have made. These waves, traveling at the
speed of light, are transverse. They have been measured in a plethora of ways, and
through Maxwell's equations describe much of what we see and feel -- all the way from the
energy radiated from the sun to the light bulb in our house and the signal propagated down
our telephone line and throughout the power grids of the world. All of
telecommunications, navigation, and the computer industry are prime examples of how
electromagnetic energy is utilized to benefit society.
The weak and strong force fields of nuclear reactions have been studied extensively
since the discovery of the atomic bomb. It is, of course, well known that large
amounts of high energy electromagnetic radiation and particles come forth from these
reactions -- giving important relationships between these last two force fields and the
emitted electromagnetic photons. Here, Einstein's famous equation E = mc2
is key to our understanding, where "E" is the energy inherent within the mass
"m."
The energy associated with a photon is "E = hv".
Hence, we have the very important and powerful relationship in the conversion of
electromagnetic energy into mass or vis-a-versa: mc = hv. The very
high frequency x- rays and gamma rays emitted from nuclear reactions are a direct result
of these mass conversions into photons during fission or fusion reactions.
For example, for a sphere the gravitational field lines are along radii and would
appear, if they could be seen visually, somewhat like the spins on a spiney urchin as they
emanate out from the center of the sphere. More descriptively, they would have the
shape of a "diatom" with the field lines appearing to fan out like the shape of
a ball bat. These lines -- fanning out from the mass center -- are called diallel,
gravitational-field lines or diallel lines. All of the force fields interact with
these diallel lines, and they provide a conduit for particles, photons, gravitational
energy. As the DNA is to living organisms -- carrying and retaining information, so
are these diallel lines for any mass object, such as the earth, for example.
Though electromagnetic signals (photons) and atomic particles traverse across these
diallel gravitational field lines with the well known patterns of behavior, in this new
theory there is also a force to cause them to flow along these diallel lines. These
diallel lines are fundamental to this new unified field theory. A classic example is
when a nuclear explosion takes place. Large amounts of electromagnetic energy and high
velocity particles are emitted from the reactions and follow along these diallel
lines. The well known stem of the mushroom cloud dramatically illustrates this
effect.
